© flickr & urbangarden
人間とイルカは他の動物と比べて脳が大きい。そのためどちらも糖を多く必要とし,血液で大量の糖を迅速に運べるという類似点がある。そのイルカの食べ物と血液について研究した結果,健康なイルカでも人間の糖尿病のような状態を示すことがあり,この状態と正常な状態を切り替える仕組みがあることが分かった。イルカは魚を食べるため,タンパク質を非常に多く摂り,炭水化物は少ししか摂らない。これに対処するため,血液中に糖が多くなる糖尿病のような状態を作れるようになったと考えられる。正常な状態と切り替わるメカニズムが解明されれば,糖尿病の治療法開発に役立つ可能性がある。(吉田素子)
Scientists from the National Marine Mammal(1) Foundation, speaking today at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science(2), announced the bottlenose dolphin(3) as a natural animal model(4) for type 2 diabetes(5), and pointed to(6) the dolphin as a source to further efforts to cure diabetes.
After finding an initial clue(7) that tied dolphins to a diabetes-like(8) state, the group analyzed dolphin research data archived(9) forty years ago. These studies, along with a series of new investigations, have found that healthy dolphins appear to readily turn a diabetes-like state on and off(10). This mechanism appears to be driven by(11) a very high-protein(12), very low-carbohydrate(13) fish diet.
“While some people may eat a high protein diet to help control diabetes, dolphins appear to have developed a diabetes-like state to support a high protein diet,” stated Stephanie Venn-Watson, DVM(14), MPH(15), director of clinical research for the National Marine Mammal Foundation. Sam Ridgway, DVM, PhD(16), famed(17) father of marine mammal medicine and author of The Dolphin Doctor, stated, “There is a critical need for(18) the diabetes research community to help us better understand dolphin metabolism(19). This work will not only directly benefit dolphin health, but may provide important clues to treating diabetes in humans.”
Dr. Ridgway was one of the founders of the Navy(20)’s marine mammal program and has recently transitioned(21), along with a handful of(22) veterinarians(23), animal trainers(24), and researchers(25) to a new non-profit charity called the National Marine Mammal Foundation (NMMF). The mission(26) of the NMMF is to enhance(27) the lives of marine mammals and humans through scientific exploration(28) and human-animal collaboration(29) and to inspire creative thinking and commitment to(30) ocean conservation(31) in future generations.
(1) 海洋哺乳類 (2) 米国科学振興協会 (3) バンドウイルカ (4) 動物モデル (5) II型糖尿病
(6) (~A as B)BとしてAを挙げた (7) 手掛かり (8) 糖尿病のような (9) 保管された
(10) 糖尿病のような状態になったり,元に戻ったりする (11) ~によってもたらされる (12) 高タンパク質
(13) 低炭水化物 (14) 獣医師,獣医学博士 (15) 公衆衛生学修士 (16) 博士 (17) 著名な
(18) (There is a ~ A)Aが必要である (19) 代謝 (20) 海軍 (21) 異動した (22) 少数の
(23) 獣医師 (24) 動物の調教師 (25) 研究者 (26) 使命 (27) ~を向上させる (28) 科学的探究
(29) 人間と動物の協調 (30) ~に対する献身的な努力 (31) 海洋保全

